A new report from leading UK biosecurity experts highlights 24 pathogen families that could pose significant global health risks. Four of these have been identified as high-risk for triggering future pandemics, underscoring the urgent need for advanced research and preparedness measures.
The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) conducted the study, evaluating risk factors such as contagiousness, severity of illness, availability of vaccines or treatments, and vulnerability to climate change and antibiotic resistance. Their findings emphasize the need for proactive health strategies to mitigate potential outbreaks.
Pathogens with High Pandemic Potential
The comprehensive list includes several well-known threats such as COVID-19, bird flu, and the Nipah virus, which is carried by fruit bats and can cause deadly brain inflammation. Other dangerous pathogens on the list include those responsible for mpox, Ebola, Zika, norovirus, influenza, Lassa fever, and drug-resistant gonorrhea.
Eight of these pathogen families fall into high or medium pandemic-risk categories. While some already have vaccines or treatments, many are still in early development stages, leaving populations vulnerable. UKHSA officials stress that ongoing research is necessary to ensure that potential health crises can be managed effectively.
Call for Increased Investment in Health Security
Dr. Isabel Oliver, Chief Scientific Officer at UKHSA, has called for immediate action to accelerate vaccine development and improve diagnostic tools.
“This list serves as a crucial guide for the scientific community. It helps prioritize resources and speed up the creation of vaccines and treatments, ensuring we are better prepared for future health threats,” she stated.
Experts across the medical field agree that the report is a vital step in strengthening global pandemic response strategies. The World Health Organization (WHO) also released a similar list last year, outlining 33 priority pathogens. These lists act as blueprints to help governments and researchers prepare in advance and prevent potential outbreaks from escalating into global crises.
Some Scientists Warn Against Over-Focusing on Select Pathogens
While the UKHSA’s list has been praised for its proactive approach, some experts have expressed concerns. Professor Jose Vazquez-Boland from the University of Edinburgh described it as a “double-edged sword,” warning that focusing too heavily on certain pathogens could divert attention from other emerging threats.
Emma Thomson, Director of the MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, emphasized the need for flexibility. “Pandemics often emerge from unexpected sources. While lists like these are valuable, they must evolve to include new and unpredictable threats,” she noted.
A Global Call for Preparedness
The UKHSA report sends a clear message: global health authorities must remain vigilant, invest wisely, and act swiftly to prevent future pandemics. Scientific advancements, increased funding, and international collaboration will be crucial in ensuring that the world is not caught off guard by the next major health emergency.
